ExabyteĪn exabyte is equal to one quintillion (one thousand quadrillion) bytes, or 1,000 PB. To hold 1 PB of data, you would need about 212,766 single-sided DVDs (a stack that's about 255.3 meters, or 837.67 feet, tall). PetabyteĪ petabyte is equal to one quadrillion (one thousand trillion) bytes, or 1,000 TB. To hold 1 TB of data, you would need about 213 single-sided DVDs (a stack that's about 255.6 mm, or 10.06 inches, tall). TerabyteĪ terabyte is equal to one trillion (one thousand billion) bytes, or 1,000 GB. You can fit 4.7 GB of data on one single-sided DVD (each DVD is about 1.2 mm, or 0.047 inches, thick). Understand orders of magnitude in storage capacity GigabyteĪ gigabyte is equal to one billion bytes. To match what a 1 EFLOPS computer system can do in just one second, you'd have to perform one calculation every second for 31,688,765,000 years. The rate 1 EFLOPS is equivalent to 1,000 PFLOPS. ExaFLOPSĪ 1 exaFLOPS (EFLOPS) computer system is capable of performing one quintillion (10 18) floating-point operations per second. To match what a 1 PFLOPS computer system can do in just one second, you'd have to perform one calculation every second for 31,688,765 years. The rate 1 PFLOPS is equivalent to 1,000 TFLOPS. PetaFLOPSĪ 1 petaFLOPS (PFLOPS) computer system is capable of performing one quadrillion (10 15) floating-point operations per second. To match what a 1 TFLOPS computer system can do in just one second, you'd have to perform one calculation every second for 31,688.77 years. The rate 1 TFLOPS is equivalent to 1,000 GFLOPS. TeraFLOPSĪ 1 teraFLOPS (TFLOPS) computer system is capable of performing one trillion (10 12) floating-point operations per second. To match what a 1 GFLOPS computer system can do in just one second, you'd have to perform one calculation every second for 31.69 years. Understand orders of magnitude in computer performance GigaFLOPSĪ 1 gigaFLOPS (GFLOPS) computer system is capable of performing one billion (10 9) floating-point operations per second. Exascale: Refers to methods and processes for using supercomputers capable of performing at least 1 EFLOPS or storage systems capable of storing at least 1 EB.Petascale: Refers to methods and processes for using supercomputers capable of performing at least 1 PFLOPS or storage systems capable of storing at least 1 PB. Terascale: Refers to methods and processes for using supercomputers capable of performing at least 1 TFLOPS or storage systems capable of storing at least 1 TB.These prefixes also are used to convey the scale and complexity of the computational and analytical methods employed when working with supercomputers for example: However, 10 Mbps is equivalent to only 1.25 MB per second, meaning a 100 MB file would take at least 80 seconds to download. With a download speed of 10 megabits per second (Mbps), you might mistakenly assume a 100 MB file will download in only 10 seconds. For example, file sizes are commonly represented in bytes, but download speeds for electronic data are commonly represented in bits per second. However, due to the overwhelming popularity of certain major computing platforms, the 8-bit byte has become the international standard, as defined by the International Electrotechnical Commission ( IEC).Īn uppercase "B" is used for abbreviating "byte(s)" a lowercase "b" is used for abbreviating "bit(s)". Consequently, the number of bits in a byte can differ between computing platforms. A byte is the number of bits a particular computing architecture needs to store a single text character. A bit is the smallest unit of measurement for digital information in computing. Measure storage capacity in bytesĬomputer storage and memory capacities are expressed in units called bits and bytes. A system's Rpeak is calculated by multiplying the number of processors by the clock speed of the processors, and then multiplying that product by the number of floating-point operations the processors can perform in one second on standard benchmark programs, such as the LINPACK DP TPP and HPC Challenge (HPCC) benchmarks, and the SPEC integer and floating-point benchmarks. The per-second rate "FLOPS" is commonly misinterpreted as the plural form of "FLOP" (short for " floating-pointĬomputer vendors and service providers typically list the theoretical peak performance (Rpeak) capabilities of their systems expressed in FLOPS. The "S" in the acronym "FLOPS" stands for "second" and is used in combination with "P" (for "per") to indicate a rate, such as "miles per hour" (MPH) or gigabits per second (Gbps).
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